Associate Professor of Economics
Roper 213
Tel: (202) 885-3774
Fax: (202) 885-3790
wgp@american.edu

Education
Ph.D. Economics, Yale University, U.S.A., 1991.
M. Phil. Economics, Oxford University, U.K. 1985
B.A. Economics/Statistics, University of Toronto, Canada 1983

Research Interests
International R & D spillovers. Intellectual property rights.

General Interests
International Economics, Growth and Development

• "International Patent Protection," Research Policy May 2008 [Paper] [Data]
• "Patent Rights and Innovative Activity: Evidence from Firm and National Level Data," Journal of International Business Studies, 2007. [Co-author Brent Allred] [Paper]
• "Influence of Patent Rights on Firm Innovation Investment in Manufacturing Industries," Journal of International Management, 2007. [Co-author Brent Allred] [Paper]
• "International Licensing and the Strengthening of Intellectual Property Rights in Developing Countries," OECD Economics Studies 2005 [Co-author Douglas Lippoldt]. [Paper]
• "The Impact of Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights on Trade and Foreign Direct Investment in Developing Countries," [Co-author Douglas Lippoldt] OECD Trade Directorate, Trade Committee Discussion Paper, TD/TC/WP(2002)42/FINAL, 2003. [Paper]
• "Patent Family Data and Statistics at the European Patent Office, 2003." [Co-author Peter Hingley] [Paper]
• "Patent Rights and Economic Freedom: Friend or Foe?" Journal of Private Enterprise, Fall 2002, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 84-121. [Paper]
• "Globalization, Patent Reform, and Patent Professional Services," in Journal of the Patent and Trademark Office Society, Vol. 83, No. 5, May 2001, pp. 303-340.[Paper]
• "Measuring Global Patent Protection" in Fraser Forum, Fraser Institute, Vancouver, B.C., March 1999, pp. 4-7.
• "A Theoretical Model of Government Research and Growth," Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, Vol. 34, No 1, March 1998, pp. 51-67.[Paper]
• "Determinants of Patent Rights: A Cross-National Study," Research Policy, Vol. 26, No. 3, October 1997, pp. 283-301. [Co-author Juan Carlos Ginarte] [Paper]
• "A Permanent Income Model of Public Consumption," Journal of Macroeconomics, Vol. 19, No. 4, Fall 1997, pp. 753-769. [Paper]
• "Intellectual Property Rights and Economic Growth," Contemporary Economic Policy, Vol. 15, No. 3, July 1997, pp. 51-61. [Co-author Juan Carlos Ginarte] [Paper]
• "A Note on Innovation and Patents: Intertemporal Imitation-Risk Smoothing," Economics Letters, Vol. 54, No. 2, February 1997, pp. 185-189. [Paper]
• "How Stratified is the World? Openness and Development," Virginia Economic Journal, September 1997, pp. 59-66. [Co-author David A. Brat]
• "Issues in International Patenting," background paper for Intellectual Property Rights: Patents and Innovation in the International Context, Working Group on Innovation and Technology Policy, Publication DSTI/STP/TIP(96)13/REV1, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), June 1997. [Paper]
• "Cross-Country R&D and Growth: Variations on a Theme of Mankiw-Romer-Weil," Eastern Economic Journal, Vol. 22, No. 3, Summer 1996, pp. 345 - 354. [Co-author David Brat] [Paper]
• "Intellectual Property Rights in a North-South Context," Science Communications, Vol. 17, No. 3, 1996, pp. 379-387. [Co-author Juan Carlos Ginarte] [Paper]
• "International Spillovers of R&D and OECD Economic Growth," Economic Inquiry, Vol. 33, No. 4, 1995, pp. 571-591. [Paper]
• "A Global Kuznets Curve?" Kyklos, Vol. 48, 1995, pp. 105-131. [Co-author: David Brat] [Paper]
• "Adoption, Diffusion, and Public R&D," Journal of Economics and Finance, Vol. 18, No. 1, 1994, pp. 101-123. [Paper]
• "Public Capital, Taxation, and Private Sector Productivity," Kentucky Journal of Economics, Vol. 12, 1993, pp. 1-13.
• "On a Model of Endogenous Government Behavior," National Social Sciences Perspectives Journal, Conference Proceedings, Vol. 3, No. 2, 1993, pp. 230-240.
• "Speculative Attacks in Argentina: A Tobit Analysis of the Tablita Period 1979-1981," Southwestern Journal of Economic Abstracts, Vol. 13, No. 1, 1992, pp. 3-30.

• "Intellectual Property Rights and International Innovation," in Keith Maskus (ed.) Frontiers of Economics and Globalization, Vol. 1, Handbook Series, Elsevier Science, 2008 [Paper]
• "Innovation and Economic Dynamics," in Wei-Bin Zhang (ed.) Mathematical Models in Economics: Encyclopedia of Life Support Sciences, UNESCO, United Nations, 2008. [Paper]
• "Open Development: Is the 'Open Source' Analogy Relevant to Biotechnology," in David Castle and Richard Gold (eds.) The Role of Intellectual Property Rights in Biotechnology Innovation, forthcoming. [Co-author Alan G. Isaac] [Paper]
• "From Theory to Time-Series", Chapter 3 in Peter Hingley and Marc Nicolas (eds.) Methods for Forecasting Patent Filings, Springer-Verlag, 2006, pp. 27-39. [Co-author Peter Hingley]
• "International Patenting at the European Patent Office: Aggregate, Sectoral, and Family Filings," Chapter 7 in Peter Hingley and March Nicholas (eds.) Methods for Forecasting Patent Filings, Springer-Verlag, 2006, pp. 125-158. [Paper]
• "Do Intellectual Property Rights Stimulate R&D and Productivity Growth? Evidence from Cross-National and Manufacturing Industry Data," in Jon Putnam (ed.) Intellectual Property Rights and Innovation in the Knowledge-Based Economy, Calgary: University of Calgary Press, 2005. [Paper]
• "On Intellectual Property Rights: Patents vs. Free and Open Development," in Enrico Colombatto (ed.) The Elgar Companion to Property Rights, Edward Elgar Publishers, 2004. [Co-author Alan G. Isaac] [Paper]
• "Property Rights in the New Economy," Chapter 36 in Derek C. Jones (ed.) New Economy Handbook, New York, Academic Press, August 2003. [Paper]
• "Index of Patent Rights, 2000 Update," Chapter 2 in James Gwartney and Robert Lawson (eds.) Economic Freedom of the World Annual Report 2002, Fraser Institute, Vancouver, BC, pp. 33-42. [Co-author Smita Wagh] [Paper]
• "Intellectual Property and Patent Regimes," Chapter 4 in James Gwartney and Robert Lawson (eds.) Economic Freedom of the World 2001, Fraser Institute, Vancouver, BC, 2002. [Paper]
• "Impact of the International Patent System on Productivity and Technology Diffusion," in Owen Lippert (ed.) Competitive Strategies for Intellectual Property Protection, Fraser Institute,Vancouver, BC, 1999, pp. 47-72.
• "Reducing Global Patenting Costs," in the Fourth International Symposium on Patent Cost Containment, July 1999 (American Intellectual Property Law Association, Washington, DC). [Paper]
• "Patent Systems in APEC: Role in Nontariff Trade Barriers and Strategic Trade Policy," in Economic Implications of Liberalizing APEC Tariff and Nontariff Barriers to Trade, Publication 3101, U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC), April 1998, pp. 6:1-6:25. [Paper]

• "Institutions and Incentives for R&D," Background Paper for Chapter 6 in de Ferranti, David et al. (2003), Closing the Gap in Education and Technology, Latin American and Carribean Studies, Work Bank, Washington, DC. [Paper]
• Key Implications of the Global Economic Environment for PCT Filings: A Survey of the Issues, World Intellectual Property Office, Geneva, Switzerland, 1999. [Co-authors Peter Grindley and Murray Smith] [Paper]
• Innovation in Europe (ACES Research Grant). [Grant Paper]
• A Quick Start Guide to Aplia, Thompson Publishers Inc., 2005. [Co-author Zamira Simkins]

• "Technology Transfer and IPRs in Developing Countries" [Co-author Doug Lippoldt] [Paper]
• "Do Intellectual Property Rights Spur Technological Progress?" [Co-authors Kenneth Lee, Kee Y. Kim] [Paper]
• "North America Patent Zone?" [Paper]
• "Does the WTO Matter? A Non-Parametric View." [Paper]
• "Indexes of International Copyrights and Trademark Rights." [Co-author Tad Reynolds]
• "R&D, Spillovers, and Intellectual Property Rights." [Paper]
• "International Patenting, Patent Rights, and Technology Gaps"
• "Government Research Labs and Technology Adoption."
• "Family Stability and Long Run Growth."
• "Fiscal Externalities in an Open-Economy: An OLG Approach."

• November 2007: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris, France. Seminar Topic: Stages of Economic Development and Patent Strength [Powerpoint Presentation]
• October 2005: The Role of Intellectual Property Rights in Biotechnology Innovation. European University Institute, Florence, Italy. [PowerPoint Presentation]
• July 2005: Association of University Technology Managers, Annapolis, MD. Plenary Session: IPRs and Technology Transfer. [PowerPoint Presentation]
• December 2004: European Patent Office, Munich, Germany. Seminar Topic: Forecasting Patent Filings.
• April 2003: ATLAS Conference, New Orleans, LA. Topic: IPRs in China and Recent Developments.
• October 2002: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. Seminar Topic: Foreign Direct Investment, Trade, and Intellectual Property Rights.
• September 2002: European Association for Industrial Economists (EARIE) Conference, Madrid, Spain. Topic: R&D, Spillovers, and Intellectual Property Rights.
• July 2002: Latin American Econometrics Society (LAMES), Sao Paolo, Brazil. Topic: Institutions and Incentives for R&D: Implications for Latin America.
• April 2002: World Bank Annual Bank Conference on Development Economics (ABCDE), Washington, D.C. Topic: Global Intellectual Property Rights and Impacts.
• November 2001: World Bank, Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) Retreat. Topic: Technology policies in Latin America.
• October 2001: Fraser Institute Conference San Francisco, CA. Topic: Intellectual Property Rights and Productivity.
• October 2001: World Bank Seminar, Washington D.C. Topic: R&D and IPRs.
• May 2001: Industry Canada and Centre for Innovation Law and Policy, University of Toronto, Ontario. Topic: Do Intellectual Property Rights Stimulate R&D and Productivity Growth? Evidence from National and Manufacturing Data?
• February 2001: International Intellectual Property Institute (IIPI) and Washington International Trade Association (WITA) Washington, D.C. Topic: International Property Battlegrounds in the World of Trade: TRIPS (Trade-Related Intellectual Property Agreement) and Developing Country Compliance.
• November 2000: Chartered Institute of Patent Agents (CIPA) London, U.K. Topic: New Economy, Internet Innovations, and European Patent Convention Revisions.
• July 2000: Industry Canada. Ottawa, Canada. Topic: Roundtable on Canadian Intellectual Property and Economy.
• June 2000: International Federation of Patent Attorneys (FICPI) Vancouver, Canada. Topic: Impact of Globalization on Patent Agent Services.
• April 2000: European Trademark Office Association (OHMI) Alicante, Spain. Topic: International Technology Diffusion and Patent Rights.
• November 1999: World Bank Washington, D.C. Topic: International Total Factor Productivity and Patenting.
• November 1999: Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA), Special Session Organized by the Fraser Institute Toronto, Canada. Topic: Intellectual Property Reform in the FTAA.
• July 1999: American Intellectual Property Law Association (AIPLA) Hague, Netherlands Topic: Patent Cost Containment.
• April 1999: Fraser Institute Conferences Santiago, Chile and Buenos Aires, Argentina. Topic: Intellectual Property and Economic Development.

1998 - Present, Associate Professor, Department of Economics, American University, Washington, DC
2004 - 2005, Visiting Scholar, Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, DC
1997, Visiting Scholar, Institute for Industrial Relations, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA
1991 - 1997, Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, American University, Washington, DC
1989, Consultant, Infrastructure and Urban Development Division, World Bank, Washington, DC
1986, Analyst, Demographics Research, Ministry of Treasury, Ontario, Canada

American Economic Association
Association of University Technology Managers
Global Intellectual Property Project, Washington, DC
Southern Economic Association
Western Economic Association

American Intellectual Property Law Association (AIPLA)
European Patent Office (EPO)
International Federation of Patent Attorneys (FICPI)
Industry Canada
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
U.S. Department of Energy
World Bank
World Intellectual Property Office (WIPO)

Graduate Microeconomics (MA and PhD Levels)
Graduate Macroeconomics (MA and PhD Levels)
Intermediate Microeconomics (BA Level)
Intermediate Macroeconomics (BA Level)
Principles Microeconomics (BA Level)
Principles Macroeconomics (BA Level)
Industrial Organization (BA, MA and PhD Levels)
International Trade and Finance (BA, MA and PhD Levels)
Econometrics (BA, MA and PhD Levels)

Center for North American Studies Research Award, American University, 2006
ACES Research Seed Grant, 2003
University Research Award, American University, 1996, 1998 and 2004
Southwestern Economic Association Best Paper Prize, 1991
Raymond Powell Teaching Prize, Yale University, 1990
Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council Award, 1986
Commonwealth Fellowship, Oxford University, 1984

[phone] 202-885-3770
[fax] 202-885-3790
econ@american.edu

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Updated: October 2008