Introduction
As countries vie with each other for a share of the global
marketplace, the optimal utilization of IT within government, private industry
and the home will increasingly determine winners and losers. At the beginning
of the 21st century we continue to witness the transformation of industries
from the industrial age to the information age. Those countries prepared
for this transition will emerge stronger and richer than those that squander
opportunities.
The use of information technology is definitely
gaining ground in the Caribbean, but overall adoption should be considered
"spotty at best". Businesses remain at the forefront of usage, with
domestic use lagging far behind. Increased investment in information
technology infrastructure, education, awareness, and training is
vital for competitiveness in the global economy.
Households
As discussed in the Internet section, PC penetration
in SVG is approximately 2%. Although the interviewee from Cable and
Wireless stated that approximately 1300 of his 1600+ customers are individual
accounts, I would tend to believe that most small businesses sign up for
individual service (which comes with 5 free email accounts), due to the
pricing structure. (See Internet and ECommerce for more details)
The average individual, with a yearly income of US$2500 can not afford
a personal PC, which tends to be more expensive by about 50% in comparison
to US prices. This would lead me to make the assumption that PC use
is most prevalent among the educated elite and small businesses.
Businesses and Government
In formation technology seems to be gaining
momentum in the SVG, at least with large businesses, banks, offshore banks,
internet casinos and travel agencies. Most smaller businesses continue
to restrict their use of computers to applications like word processing
and email. The government services have varying levels of computerization,
most operating on a windows NT platform, and again mostly used for
word processing, spreadsheet, and database applications.
There are some other projects in information technology
that are happening at the present. Because SVG is a small island
highly dependent on an agricultural base, a Geographical Information System
is being developed, which was the recommendation made by Janice Pichinini
in her study “Creating Opportunity in the Windward Islands.” (1)
The management information system, which would include new computer equipment,
marketing software and access to the internet, could aid in identifying
marketing opportunities for produce as well as tracking produce production.
At the moment, the most sophisticated use of IT can be
seen in the banking and financial industry. For example,
Barclays Bank has equipped branches with a VSAT satellite system which
feeds a regional processing center in the Bahamas via a main BT hub in
Britain which interfaces with an Intelsat satellite. (2)
This allows individuals to access funds and account information region-wide
Barclays is just one example. C&W facilitates linking local
branches of banks in SVG to their external data centers via leased circuits.
Another area which seems to be rapidly promoting the
deployment of information techolgy is the tourism sector. Until recently,
most hotels of St. Vincent had a web presence, but used technology merely
as a form of advertising to the outside world. However, some IT projects
have been launched such as the Small Hotels Project by the Organization
of American States (OAS). This project is trying to promote IT and
its benefits in the tourism sector , which along with agriculture sector,
supports the economy. Small hotels are the backbone to building a
tourism future for SVG, whose largest hotel on the mainland has 30 rooms.For
many years it has been recognized that the smaller hotel properties were
having increasing difficulties competing for customers and maintaining
their properties to the level expected by international markets. This intense
competitive environment requires levels of investment in product and marketing
that is beyond the means of many small hoteliers. The project has
implemted a Walk-in technology Center at the Ministry of Tourims, that
enable small hotels to access international tourism information and as
well used by small hoteliers to show them how PC/internet can help to increase
business manage operations etc. (3)
There is also aso another program spnosred by the OAS which is the Caribbean
Destination Management System Project, a regional project for the OECS.
This project has been designed with the purpose of designing and
implementing destination management systems in participating countries
providing internet web based access to country information, call canter
and fulfillment services, reservation capabilities for accommodation, events,
festivals and attractions, and ongoing research support to monitor marketing
effectiveness and product inventory information (4)
Academic networks
Although SVG does not have any higher institutions of
learning, it has had the ability to participate in an academic network,
the Hemisphere Wide Inter-University Scientific and Technological Information
Network (RedHUCyT) and the Caribbean University Network (CUNet).
CUNet was formally launched in September of 1991. During Phase I
the program facilitated access to e-mail for the first time to many universities
throughout the caribbean. To see network map of users connecting to the
server at UPR (University of Puerto Rico), go to http://www.redhucyt.oas.org/webing/e-cunet1.htm.
With Phase II, the OAS is providing significant funds to Caribbean countries
for technical assistance and training of network manager to facilitate
the interconnection of universities and academic institutions throughout
the region to the internet (http://redhucyt.org/webing/cunet.htm).
Specifically in SVG, this program has provided modems, serial cards and
additional hardware and software for the implementation of an electronic
node at the Ministry of Communications and Works, to facilitate electronic
mail exchange via dial-up to the server in Canada. Furthermore,
the program also provided computer equipment, modems, and software to expand
electronic access to the Ministry of Planning, Ministry of Education and
the School of Continuing Studies at the University of the West Indies (5)
What areas could use IT more efficiently
There are many areas that could use IT more efficiently.
Many offices of the government such as customs could benefit from the implemtation
of some type of information system. The hotels,although benefitting
already from the OAS project, could implement systems to increase effeiceny
of operations at each property. The banana industy would surely benefit
from the use of IT in increasing the efficiensy of operations and management
of farmers. Retail establishments could implement bar code and inventory
systems.
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