E-Commerce
Overview
E-commerce is defined as " buying and selling over the public internet, the public Web, and corporate Internets." (20)The two types of e-commerce are business to consumer (B2C), and business to business (B2B). E-commerce is not common in Panamá, most likely because of low computer and Internet usage rates. On the other hand, there are important systems that are being implemented at the national level by different economic sectors. A discussion of these systems is provided below.
B2B and B2C in Panamá
E-commerce is not significant in Panamá, especially in the B2C sector. The low penetration of computers and Internet use does not promote e-commerce. Also, the fact that there is such low penetration might be the reason why there are virtually no local businesses offering their products and services online. Furthermore, it is unlikely that Panamanian companies are engaging in B2B e-commerce at this point in time. However, it must be common for international companies to be involved in B2B e-commerce with other businesses outside of the country.
Other "Electronic" Advances
Even though Panamá is not well developed in terms of e-commerce, new important electronic systems are being implemented at the national level in different economic sectors. A more detailed explanation of these systems follows.
Banking Sector
The government branch that oversees the banking sector (Superintendencia de Bancos) implemented in 2003 a system that monitors the banking sector electronically. (21) All the information that this organization requires of every bank in Panamá now arrives electronically. All banks are submitting their reports electronically, since paper forms are no longer accepted. As a result, the organization is able to generate banking sector reports much faster, and more easily.
Panamá Canal
A new system that will electronically operate the Panamá Canal locks is being tested, and will be installed in most of the locks by the end of the year. The system will be easier to operate than the current manual system. It is expected that the new system will increase safety and security. (22)
Ports
The Panamanian Maritime Authority (Autoridad Maritima de Panama-AMP) is developing a national security system for all Panamanian ports. An estimated $4,200,000 will be invested in infrastructure for this project. This project would include training for all employees. This project is also expected to benefit the communities surrounding all ports. (23)
In conclusion, although Panamá has not experienced any significant e-commerce growth in its economic sectors, it has experienced the implementation of important electronic systems at the national level. These systems have, or are expected, to increase efficiency, safety, and security. A growth in e-commerce may come with the new government electronic initiatives, and with the improvements in telecommunications infrastructure.