You are required to answer three questions from the five listed below. The work must be

your own - no collaboration with other members of the class is allowed. However, you may

use whatever reading material you wish from that covered in the course, remembering to

reference your answers accordingly. The total length of your examination paper should not

exceed 12 double spaced type written pages (approx 4 pages per question). Your

examination paper is due to be returned on May 3, either during class time or to the

SIS office. Note that late submissions will be severely penalized.
 

1. How important is the relationship between frustration of basic needs and aggression as a source of conflict? What implications do you draw from the link between frustration and aggression for resolving domestic and international conflict? Use a case study to illustrate your answer.
 

2. What are the principal ways parties negotiate in a conflict? What factors influence these negotiating styles and how can these factors be taken into account in developing more a cooperative negotiating styles in conflict? In your view, what public educative programs need to be created for achieving this goal? 

3. In an age where internal conflicts occur within the context of disintegrating or authoritarian states, the idea of nonviolence has only marginal value. Put simply, nonviolence may work in advanced democratic societies but has little practical relevance in societies divided by violence and ethnic animosities. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Give reasons and supporting arguments for your answer. 
 

4. In Nonviolent Communication, Marshall Rosenburg argues that communication based on 'honest expression' and 'empathic listening' of basic needs and feelings is the key to the nonviolent resolution of conflict. Identify the strengths and weaknesses of his thesis. How persuasive is Rosenberg's overall argument?
 

5. What relationship exists between micro efforts at individual transformation and macro efforts towards global peace? What relevance do the practices of different spiritual/transformative approaches have for larger issues concerning international conflict?