Research Interests

U.S. foreign policy, North America, the Middle East, Asia, Africa, conflict-resolution, trade, immigration, democratization.

Selected Publications

• Not Condemned to Repetition: The United States and Nicaragua, Westview Press, 2002, 2^nd edition
• Toward a North American Community: Lessons from the Old World for the New, Institute for International Economics, 2001
• Exiting the Whirlpool: U.S. Foreign Policy Toward Latin America and the Caribbean, Westview Press, 2001, 2^nd edition
• Integration with Mexico: Options for U.S. Policy, Twentieth Century Fund Press, 1993
• Limits to Friendship: The United States and Mexico, Alfred A. Knopf, 1988. With Jorge Castaneda.
• Congress and the Politics of U.S. Foreign Economic Policy, University of California Press, 1980
• "Democracy and Elections in North America: What Can We Learn From Our Neighbors?" Election Law Journal, 2004
• A Century's Journey: How The Great Powers Shape the World, Basic Books, 1999
• Migration and Development in the Caribbean Basin: The Unexplored Coneection, Westview Press, 1985
• Democracy in the Caribbean: Political, Economic, and Social Perspectives.   The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993. With Jorge I. Dominguez and R. Delisle Worrell.

Professional Presentations

• February 1, 2008 – Address at the National Press Club on "Youth Vote and Barriers to Electoral Participation", hosted by the Roosevelt Institution
• February 12, 2008 – "The Elders and Darfur," U.S. Institute for Peace, Wash, D.C.
• March 26, 2008 - Chaired and spoke at International Studies Association on "Constructing a Regional Community in North America", San Francisco.
• May 9, 2008 – Keynote Presentation on "Comparing Democracy and Election Administration in North America," Harvard University Conference
• Sept. 26-28, 2008 – "Latin America," Ditchley Park, Oxford, England
• April 25, 2008 – "The State of War and Peace in the Middle East," Hubert Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota
• April 25, 2008, "The North American Idea," The first Donald B. Regan Distinguished Lecture, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, Minnesota
• June 5, 2008 - "U.S. Policy toward Cuba," Conference on Canadian Studies and Latin America, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
• September 29, 2008 – Invited Lecture, "U.S. Policy and Latin America – Bush and Beyond," Foreign and Commonwealth Office, London, United Kingdom
• November 13, 2008 – Invited Testimony before the Council of the District of Columbia Special Committee on Elections on "Election Reform in Washington, D.C."

Congressional Testimony

• "Impediments to a Free and Fair Electoral Process: The Urgency for Reform," U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, October 13, 2006.
• "The U.S., Mexico, and North America," House International Relations Committee, April 26, 2006.
• "A North American Community Approach to Security," Senate Foreign Relations Committee, June 9, 2005.
• "U.S. Policy toward the Americas: A Critique and an Alternative," House International Relations Committee, October 21, 2003.
• "North American's Future," Foreign Affairs Committee, House of Commons, Canada, February 7, 2002.
• "U.S. Interests in the Panama Canal Transition," Senate Foreign Relations Committee, June 16, 1998.
• "The Status of Haiti's Democratic Transition," House International Relations Committee," October 12, 1995.
• "Nomination as Ambassador to Panama," Senate Foreign Relations Committee, July 22, 1994.
• "Transition to Democracy in the Caribbean: Haiti, Guyana, and Suriname," House Foreign Affairs Committee, June 26, 1991.
• "A New Approach toward Latin America and the Caribbean," House Foreign Affairs Committee, March 1, 1989.

Work In Progress

• The North American Idea – book manuscript
• An Election is a War by Other Means – book manuscript
• Articles on Middle East conflict

Honors, Awards, and Fellowships

• Toppan Prize for best dissertation in political science at Harvard University, 1977
• Shriver Humanitarian Service Award for Returned Peace Corps Volunteers
• George W. Kidd Award for Distinguished Alumnus, Lafayette College
• Administration Fellowship, John F. Kennedy School of Government
• Straus Visiting Professor, Harvard University
• Fulbright Professor at El Colegio de Mexico
• Four books received awards by Choice magazine as well as the Hubert Herring Award for best book in Latin American Studies
• Phi Beta Kappa
• Phi Alpha Theta

Grants and Sponsored Research

• Carnegie Corporation. Election Reform. CDEM.  $200,000
• Knight Foundation. Election Reform. CDEM. $250,000
• Smith-Richardson Foundation. Election Reform. CDEM. $150,000
• Department of State. Gulf Middle East electoral Initiative. $800,000
• Department of State, Middle East Election Exchange Program. $992,782
• Election Assistance Commission.  Training Poll-Workers. CDEM. Two grants. $48,000
• Department of Education. FIPSE; and North American Development Bank. CNAS –total: $243,000
• Elders, OIA and for Dr. Pastor, Conflict Resolution, $250,000.

Media Appearances

• Los Angeles Times
• Newsweek
• New York Times
• Christian Science Monitor
• Washington Post
• Time
• Atlanta Journal Constitution
• CNN
• NPR
• BBC

Executive Experience

• Vice President of International Affairs, American University, 2002-07
• Interim Co-Director, The Elders, 2007-08
• Director, Latin American and Caribbean Program, China Project, and Democracy Program, The Carter Center, 1985-1998
• Co-Editor, Norteamerica, an inter-disciplinary journal
• Vice Chair, N.Y. Council on Foreign Relations Task Force on the Future of North America, 2004-05
• Board of Trustees, American University of Nigeria, Yola, Nigeria, 2004-2008
• Board of Advisors, Americas Division of Human Rights Watch, 2003-present
• Board of Directors, NAFSA (Association of International Educators), 2002-present
• Chairman, Board of Directors, North American Forum on Integration (NAFI), Montreal, Canada, 1999-2004; Board of Directors, 1999-present
• Board of Directors, Common Cause and CC Education Fund, 2000-2005